A Spirit Spark

When you’re feeling sluggish or just generally “down in the dumps” try this energy spell to help rev you up a little. All you need is:

orange candles for a energy spell in witchcraft
Orange candles have great spell energy
One orange candle
Orange yarn
A cinnamon stick
A heat-proof dish
Your length of yarn should be enough to go around the candle a few times. Wrap it around, and tie 3 knots in the yarn as you go so that they lie somewhat equally around the diameter of the candle. Set it in a candle holder and start to focus on your spell.

Concentrate on energy coming up from the Earth, and flowing up through your feet until it reaches your head. Once it’s filled your body, light the candle. Say the following out lout:

Energy, power, rise up the tower,

Energy, power, rise up the tower,

Energy, power, rise up the tower

Holding one end of the cinnamon stick, put the other in the candle until it lights. Let it burn and smoulder for a few moments, then set it in the fire-proof dish. Think about the heat of the flame until it burns itself out. Let the candle keep burning until it is done. 

Six Ways Victorian Séances Were Not Like the Movies

Spirit Board Ouija for Spirit Communication
If you watch a lot of supernatural horror or read many gothic novels, you’ve probably encountered your fair share of séance scenes. In modern stories about supernatural terrors or paranormal adventures, a scene with a séance often marks a crucial turning point in the narrative. The séance might result in a terrifying possession, reveal a long-held secret, or unleash an undead evil into the realm of the living.

We inherited séances from the Victorians, who, despite their reputation for rigidity and prudishness, also had a voracious appetite for melodrama, mysticism, and the gothic. The Victorians founded modern spiritualism, collected reports of ghost-sightings, and held the very first séances. However, though the concept of the séance is over 170 years old, the séances that appear in modern horror novels and paranormal television shows often bear little resemblance to their Victorian predecessors. Here are six ways that Victorian séances (which were also known as “spirit circles”) differed from how they are typically represented in our modern media.

Not all séances were private affairs.
When you picture a Victorian séance, you might see a small circle of solemn people seated in a dimly lit parlor. While many Victorian spirit circles were intimate affairs held in private residences, many of the most popular Victorian mediums also demonstrated spirit communication in crowded performance halls in front of rowdy audiences. In fact, in the nineteenth century, there was an active spiritualist lecture circuit, and popular mediums traveled from town to town and venue to venue. While the smaller, private circles were more likely to be for the purpose of contacting familiar spirits, such as the deceased friends and relatives of the attendees, the public performances were usually exhibitions of channeled trance speech. The medium would enter a trance state, invite their spirit guides to speak through them, and then deliver lectures about life, death, morality, religion, politics, and the afterlife. These extraordinary displays whetted the Victorian public’s appetite for mysticism and played a key role in popularizing spiritualism throughout the 19th century, but they are rarely depicted in film or television.

Victorian séances were all about magnetism.
Victorian spiritualists were deeply influenced by 18th century theories of “animal magnetism” (which was also known as “mesmerism”). According to the principles of mesmerism, each person was believed to possess their own unique magnetic energy or vibration. It was theorized that some people’s vibrations were positively charged, while others were negatively charged. Negatively charged people were thought to be more psychically gifted and more naturally suited to mediumship and channeling.

Many of the most prominent Victorian spiritualists held that the key to a successful spirit circle was to achieve the right magnetic balance at the séance table. It was considered crucial to have both negatively and positively charged people present, preferably in equal numbers. Additionally, some influential Victorian spiritualists advised against having more than two highly skilled mediums at the same séance, warning that the intensity of their combined negative charge could overpower the rest of the table, throw off the delicate magnetic balance of the entire group, and doom the séance to failure.

Serious spirit circles were expected to meet regularly.
Serious spiritualist societies were supposed to hold regular séances to hone the group’s magnetism and develop a strong rapport with the spirit realm. Holding weekly séances also gave spiritualist groups a chance to experiment with variables and track patterns. If a spirit circle reported more phenomena on nights when a certain member was absent, then that member might find themselves disinvited from future sessions. On the other hand, if a member brought a guest and then the séance that followed was considered particularly successful, the guest might be invited to attend regularly.

Spiritualists did not always wait in suspenseful silence for phenomena.
Modern representations of séances often show the members of the circle invoking the spirits and then sitting silently in anticipation of dramatic phenomena. However, many Victorian spiritualists advised against waiting in complete silence. Emma Hardinge Britten (1823-1899), who worked as a professional medium and authored many spiritualist handbooks and pamphlets, suggested opening a séance with prayer or music, and then engaging in light, casual conversation while waiting for the spirits to make themselves known. Spiritualists like Britten were quick to remind their followers that spirits, much like living people, could be very sensitive to the atmosphere in a room. Britten believed that long periods of awkward silence at the séance table would unsettle the spirits and discourage them from making contact.

Séances were not supposed to be scary.
Though today we often associate séances with horror films, haunted houses, and restless spirits, 19th century spiritualist séances were not supposed to be frightening experiences. Many of the people who attended séances were recently bereaved and yearned to speak again with lost loved ones. They were in search of closure and communication, not a good scare. Other Victorians attended séances purely out of curiosity. The Victorians were living in an era of what felt like unprecedented technological transformation, and many nineteenth-century mystics characterized spirit communication as one more scientific advance in an age full of inventions and innovation. Additionally, professional mediums frequently urged curious people to try their own spiritualist experiments at home. Rather than warning off the inquisitive with ominous threats about the dangers of channeling, veteran spiritualists often encouraged amateur investigation.

Spiritualists used planchettes long before the Ouija Board was invented.
It might be hard to believe, but planchettes (the heart-shaped pointers now sold with popular spirit boards like the Ouija Board) predate the invention of the Ouija Board by several decades. Spiritualism’s advent in the late 1840s piqued the public’s interest in all kinds of psychical practices. Automatic writing became very popular, in part because it could be done alone by those who wanted to experiment in solitude. However, as forms of spiritualist inquiry grew ever more varied, some groups of spiritualists wanted to try communal automatic writing within the spirit circle. Thus, the first planchettes were invented. Those early planchettes functioned differently than the ones sold now. They were also roughly heart-shaped pieces of wood, but they were constructed so that a pencil could be mounted to them. During a séance, the members of the circle would position the planchette over paper, put their hands together on the planchette, and then write (or even draw) freehand together. It wasn’t until 1890 that the inventor of the Ouija Board developed the form of the planchette most familiar to us now. 

How to Protect Yourself While Working With Spirits

Spirit work, whether communing with our ancestors or invoking deities, can be tricky business. Many of us have Ouija board stories from childhood that appropriately taught us the valuable lesson of never conjuring or calling what we couldn’t banish. The good news is, working with spirit can be informative, educational, and enlightening to a practitioner who approaches with reverence. It also creates a safe sacred space to engage spirit. I work with spirit from time to time and, though I don’t do it as often as I’d like, defensive magick is an area in which I consider myself an adept – it’s one of the only types of magick I worked for the first few years of my practice. Here are some tips and tricks for protecting yourself in spirit work.

Spirit Work: Protect yourself by covering your head.
Cover your head while engaging in spirit work.
1. Covering Your Head
Images of Romany women and wise women involved in indigenous witchcraft practices often show them with a wrapped head. This isn’t, and never was, merely a fashion statement. Wrapping the head helps protect the practitioner from malevolent spirits by covering the crown chakra. The energy that would go to the crown chakra also becomes focused into the third eye chakra enabling the practitioner to connect with spirit better. This was one of the first things that was drilled into my witchling brain. If ever you are going to delve into the spirit world, cover your head!

2. Cleansing, Protecting, Warding and Inviting
Gather the tools and people you choose to work with in the area in which you will engage in spirit work to perform a pre-working cleansing, protecting, warding, and inviting ritual. This includes any rattles, drums, crystals, spirit boards, pendulums, cards, etc. Proceed into a cleansing, protection, warding, inviting ritual you are comfortable and confident in performing. Be sure to cleanse each person as well. Why invite? Well, we want to protect against attachment but we also want to invite spirits with good intent into our spirit working.

Learn the Basics of Spirit Work First!
If you don’t have a ritual of this nature, I don’t recommend attempting to spirit work. Why? Put simply, basics first! If you don’t know how to cleanse and protect you really have no business attempting to invoke spirits. Once you open the door to the spirit world, you open a portal to which the only means of control you can assert is through rituals such as the ones listed above. Some will tell you that intention is enough. And for some, that may be the case. However, I have found that intention is not enough in most cases and the practitioner using only intention as protection ends up with an accidental spirit attachment. Trust me when I say you DO NOT want one.

Recommended Pre-Spirit Work Ingredients
Some ingredients I use in my pre-spirit workings include white sage, Angelica root, Dragon’s Blood incense, four black tourmaline points, smoky quartz, black salt, and sweetgrass. Sweetgrass is my go-to for invitation. Intention also should be focused in performing pre-spirit workings. Intention is equally important in the pre-working process.

When working with spirits, your ancestors are typically the most protective and beneficial.
3. Vet Your Spirit Work Practitioners
What do I mean? I mean ensure those you are working with are of sound mind. Those who may be experiencing emotional or spiritual turmoil shouldn’t be involved in spirit work – at least until they resolve their current issues. That’s not to say that everyone with something bothering them should be excluded. We all have our own demons to battle. However, if someone is experiencing serious trauma that makes them unable to protect themselves, it’s best if they don’t engage in spirit work. Spirit work demands vigilance in vulnerability. It’s the art of mastering vulnerability with hard-line boundaries. If someone is unable to assert boundaries in their everyday, it’s unlikely they’ll be able to set boundaries in other worlds as well.

Grounding after a spirit work session is crucial to balancing you out and bringing you back to “earth”.
Ground yourself with meat and drink directly following any spirit working.
4. Never Leave a Portal Open and grounding
This seems like a given but you’d be surprised how many practitioners forget to close the doors they opened to access spirit. At the end of your spirit working session close the portals or else you risk spirit attachment later when you’re not as aware of your vulnerability as you were during your pre-workings. Always perform a closing rite complete with cleansing, protection, and warding.

Portal Caveats
There is one caveat for the advanced practitioner. You can choose to leave a portal open, but you need to program the portal with the correct intentions. If your intention is for only your ancestors to have access – program your portal for only your ancestors to walk through. You never want to leave a portal open to all the spirits of the spirit world.

Grounding
There is also the issue of grounding after a spirit working session. Eat foods that are high in carbohydrates and, if you’re a meat eater, have a steak. Foods that are high in carbs and meat of large game will immediately pull you back down into your lower chakras balancing you out from all the work completed in your higher chakras.

Remember to protect yourself before doing spirit work in the cemetery. BUT don’t be afraid to either!
Cemeteries are a great place to exercise spirit-working muscles.
5. A Word About Cemetery Work
Cemeteries are a great place to exercise your spirit-working muscles. In fact, it’s the first place I went to hone my clairsentience and claircognizants. Experienced practitioners will understand my next statement: cemeteries are a great place to send out your spidey senses and get feedback. Cemetery work is even better if you happen to have access to a small family cemetery that has a living relative that can confirm whether your impressions are correct.

Protection During Cemetery Spirit Work
To protect yourself while in a cemetery, pick up some dirt or a rock at the entrance of the cemetery to place in your pocket (a rock is better, if possible). Why? Spirit work is very much associated with our higher chakras and extra sensory perceptions and can leave practitioners feeling too ‘light.’ Whenever you feel yourself become too detached from this world touch the rock or dirt in your pocket and concentrate on its energy for at least 60 seconds. This will immediately ground you back onto the earth plane. 

A GHOSTLY CONNECTION

Ghosts are universal, some quiet, some noisy, most benevolent, some malevolent. However a ghost presents itself to the individual or the many, you are forced to take notice. Ghosts make contact for a variety of reasons, they will find one way or another to contact those on the earth plane if they choose. Whether you believe or not the supernatural is all around you, and for centuries people have been drawn to and fearful of anything they cannot logically pinpoint. That fleeting shadow out of the corner of your eye, the feeling that someone is standing behind you, or leaning over you, that bump in the night. Can you really just brush everything aside and put it down to your imagination? Anyone can see spirits at any time, at any age, in any place, anywhere in the world, ghosts disregard doors and windows, they enter at will.
Often if someone you love leaves the earth plane suddenly and they are unprepared, their spirit will remain near where the death occurred, they may not be aware that they are in fact dead. In this instance they will attempt to make contact with loved ones through a spirit medium or someone who is especially sensitive and aware. At the time of death the usual occurrence is for the physical form to be left behind, the soul is set free and moves to a higher realm. For whatever reason a spirit at times remains earthbound, whether this is unfinished business, a powerful bond with another person or an overwhelming connection to a place or situation.
Every haunting is different and by seeing a ghost we understand that death is but a doorway to a different realm. We leave our physical body behind and become an ethereal entity that vibrates at a different frequency. There are different types of apparitions, one is in its own world oblivious to anything else going on, it is the echo of a person no longer on the earth plane. The more powerful and quite often noticeable ghost, the one that usually makes its presence known, is the actual spirit of a person, usually this spirit is attached to a person or place, very tuned in to the earth plane and those living on this plane of existence.
Many fear ghosts, some welcome them, while others dismiss them as nonsense, but still look over their shoulder when they feel a presence they can’t explain or turn their head when they catch sight of something out of the corner of their eye. Ghosts will always be there whether we like it or not, whether or not we believe. In human terms it would be difficult to define ghosts absolutely, as they appear in so many different ways and in so many forms. Ghosts are there all the time and it is the more intuitive or sensitive individuals who are aware of them, they are walking the earth and are all around us when we are awake and while we are sleeping.
It is usually those who die tragically, suddenly or by the hand of another, who remain attached to the earth plane, there is possibly unfinished business or an intense tie to people or a place. Spirits remain earthbound for various reasons, some only for a short period of times, others for longer, some remaining for centuries leading to the tales of haunting we hear about. On occasion a spirit feels compelled to pass on a message, and through the assistance of a well schooled medium they manage to do this, they are then at peace, having moved into the light and eternal rest or to await their reincarnation.
Fear of the unknown, and individual fear based belief systems may cause a spirit to remain earthbound, these spirits tend to remain between the earth and the next realm until their fears subside or are released completely. Others stay because they are worried about their families and the affect their death will have on them. Sometimes the living can interfere with the dead’s ability to pass over, especially if they are unable to let go and think about the person all the time. Maybe even going to the extreme of constantly trying to contact them hoping to hold onto them, once they accept that their loved one is gone the spirit is then released and readily crosses over.
Spirit, comes from the Latin spiritus (breath), a supernatural being or essence, spirits are less definitive than ghosts, who are the apparitions seen by the living, ghosts are quite tuned in to the earth plane and aware of the living. Spirits attempt to communicate with the living usually for a specific reason and once their task is complete they cease contact.
Anyone with ghostly experience or encounters will tell you that the first sensation is a feeling of coldness, a chill in the air like someone has turned on the air-conditioning just above their head, or an extreme drop in temperature regardless of the weather. This chilled feeling often occurs in a place of worship during religious ceremonies, in occult gatherings or cemeteries. If a home or any abode for that matter is haunted, there is usually one particular spot or area that is especially cold. Cold spots can also be doorways between the earth plane and the ethereal. When the living want to make contact with spirit they will hold a seance or use a Ouija board, this is a way of opening a portal through which a spirit may pass, it is important when working in this way to close the portal after the session has ended. If the doorway isn’t closed, and this can happen in the hands of beginners, a home can become full of ghostly activity. If this happens the best way to remedy it is to cleanse the entire house, this can be done by carrying a lighted candle and incense into every room in the house and placing incense in each room. When you enter the individual room, walk around with the candle holding it to every corner of the room moving clockwise, gently but firmly ask the spirit to leave and return to its own plane. You may also use a classic broomstick with a little lavender, geranium and rose essence dotted on it, then symbolically sweep the entire house ending at the front door where the spirit is released to return to the place from whence it came.
A determined spirit will transmit a message to the living one way or another, there may be signs such as items moved around the home, or even taken out of drawers and placed in specific places where they will no doubt be noticed. You may have an overwhelming urge to do something or see someone, you may have been procrastinating about something and are suddenly compelled to attend to it. If the spirit is unable to contact you in your waking state it will most likely contact you through your dreams.
Much loved animals often stay close to their owners when they die, and both seem comforted by this continued relationship. Cats and dogs can feel as though they are sitting next to, or on the lap of their owners, they may brush against their legs or be seen in a flash moving across the floor. Many elderly people who loved their beloved pet are often comforted by the continued spirit contact with them until the time of their own death.
Samhain (Night of the Dead), Halloween, All Hallows Eve, the last night of October when the veil between the living and the dead is at its thinnest. The ancient Celts celebrated Samhain by lighting bonfires to help the souls of the dead to the Celtic underworld and to protect against evil spirits. Food and drink was left for the spirits, faeries, elves and nature spirits gathered at this time.
The Chinese celebrate the Feast of the Hungry Ghosts, beginning on the Ghost Month, which is 15 August, the seventh month of the Chinese Lunar Calendar, and lasts for six days. The Buddhist ceremony of putu (the deliverance of the spirits of the dead), is also celebrated at this time. Feasts are prepared and left out for the spirits walking the earth, while Taoist priests and Buddhist priests chant, perform rituals and burn incense in honour of the ghosts. During this celebration the ancestral spirits of Chinese families are asked to join their families for a meal and ritual of burning items such as paper clothing, radios, shoes, cars and other items. This is done to ensure the families, present and future generations, are blessed and protected.
The Feast of the Hungry Ghosts is dedicated to bringing peace to the abandoned and forgotten dead who are not associated with any particular family. It is believed bad luck to marry during the Ghost Month, to relocate, or to die, as the dead will not be able to rest. On the final day the Feast of the Hungry Ghosts, a bonfire is lit and paper effigies of ancient deities, paper currency known as hell money, and other gifts for the dead are thrown into the flames. It is believed that as soon as midnight strikes on the 30th day of the Ghost Month, wandering souls of the dead return to the underworld where the gates are then closed for another year.
Spiritualism became popular throughout England and America in the 19th century, it came about as people felt the need to gather with others and share a new faith beyond anything scientific. There was a need to confirm life after death, mediums were coveted worldwide due to the new collective unconscious. Many fraudulent mediums surfaced at this time which stifled the new thinking until after the First World War, when many people consulted mediums in order to contact loved ones who had died. The 20th century has given rise to spiritualist churches, mediums, meditation groups and spiritual healers around the world, with England boasting the greatest number of spiritualist churches.
Labeled in the late 1900?s were crisis apparitions, these are the ghosts of people who are still alive and due to a crisis in their life are able to appear to a loved who is hundreds or thousands of miles away. The living person may be in pain or danger, they may be in mortal peril, their anxiety such that they appear at times on the verge of death, other times in crisis, or distressed. The person who is projecting is unaware of what they are doing, unaware they are projecting their image possibly to the other side of the world. The person projecting can be perceived by their loved one either in the mind’s eye like a psychic vision, or as the actual person appearing in front of them. Like any matters to do with the occult, scientists have been unable to explain the phenomena of a person being in two places at once. On occasion a person will see their doppelganger (double walker), appear before them. It is believed that we are able to detach from the physical body for a short period of time and be visible to others, and then return to our physical body.
The ancient Egyptians believed every soul had a double (ka). Other beliefs are that a living person can project their astral body or their soul which is a reflection of their physical form. It is also thought to be a type of telepathic and clairvoyant projection, an expansion of a person’s consciousness. Crisis apparitions show that a living being is capable somehow of projecting themselves and presenting themselves as a complete entity far away from their physical form.
If you are curious, daring or fearless, you may choose to go in search of ghostly encounters, finding such in all places where the dead rest, these being ancient burial grounds, graveyards, mausoleums, or historic buildings, churches, battlefields, old theatres, school buildings from previous centuries, old houses and hotels. Nighttime is the best time to encounter ghosts and spirits, occasionally ghosts can be caught on camera, usually seen as a misty blur. If you do hear, see, or feel something, document everything that takes place, it may not make sense in the moment but when you go over your notes and images later you will have a clearer sense of what took place. Take candles, a lighter or matches and incense with you so you can have a quiet meditation before you begin ghost hunting. Many witches carry amulets with them for protection. Take your time and allow your intuition to guide you, often you will feel a chill, you may see an aura and there could possibly be a strange smell, this often precedes a ghostly presence.
Those who are beginning their occult journey may wish to try a Ouija board, with one or several people, the best conduits are wooden. Each person touches the message indicator lightly with the tip of their finger and one person asks one question at a time, then waits for the indicator to spell out the answer. Contact with spirit depends on the awareness, sensitivity and receptiveness of the individuals involved. Before beginning, all those taking part should hold hands and silently ask for spirit guidance, then hold hands at the end of the session and quietly thank the spirits who came through. Throughout the session take notes of everything that occurs from words to feeling and any smells, or auras. If, when you are working with the Ouija board, you feel at all uncomfortable or unsafe, end the session immediately and close off communication.
If you choose to conduct a seance (in French means sitting) where several people gather to communicate with the spirits of those deceased, seances have more power when conducted at night, although they can be carried out in a darkened room lit only by candles. The attendees sit around a round or oval table with no objects on it but a lighted candle, or several lighted candles. Before you begin turn off all power points in the home and work with only candlelight, burn incense and fragrant oils. Ideally work with no more than twelve and no less than three. It is necessary to have at least one medium to conduct the seance and it is not recommended for novices without the guidance of a seasoned medium. Children should not be present during a session.
Some mediums work with a particular spirit guide, while others call upon spirit assistance and wait for one to make contact. To begin each person closes their eyes and holds hands with the person on either side of them, left palm down, right palm up. The circle is not to be broken while the session is in progress and all participants must remain holding hands until the session is ended. Once the medium verbally ends the session all participants are to place their hands face down on the table and give quiet thanks to spirit.
The session will begin after everyone has joined hands and closed their eyes, the medium then calls on spirit for messages and guidance and waits for the portal between the two worlds to open, and words, feelings, auras, smells to occur, confirming there is spirit presence. A voice may be heard, there could be a message for one or more people, or a communal message, there may be sounds such as tapping or bumping, some may feel something touch them. It is necessary to be open to communication in any way shape or form. During a seance one or more participants may find words pop into their head or an image may appear in their mind’s eye. Others may witness an apparition clearly as though someone is physically standing in the room, as no two seances are the same the outcome cannot be anticipated.
On occasion during a seance, someone who has not before beheld any phenomena may find that quite suddenly they become aware and that their nascent abilities have been kick started. This usually happens to someone who has a natural latent ability and just needed the right catalyst to awaken it. Generally a seance will go for one hour, any longer will be tiring for all concerned, especially the leader of the circle. Always treat spirit with dignity and thank those who have come through to assist.
There are certain herbs associated with ghosts, these can be used before ghost hunting, seances and Ouija board participation or psychic work. These herbs can be fresh or dried depending on availability. If using dried herbs, place a container with the herbs in near a window in your home where moonlight streams through, this will charge the herbs before use. The herbs to use are bamboo, althea, anise, balsam tree, pipsissewa, sandalwood, dandelion, catnip, thistle, willow, wormwood and tobacco.
When you embark on your search for spirits and ghosts, do so with love in your heart. You are entering a portal of multiple dimensions and entities, proceed with care, dignity, reverence, and respect for the ethereal encounters that await. When you ask for guidance and receive a response, make sure you thank those who travel through the portal to assist you on your life path.

Calling the Dryads

As you become more proficient at using energies, you will find a need to link with nature spirits and spirits of the elements. These energies are very subtle and the incantations used in this spell acknowledge that subtlety.

You will need:

• BIRTHDAY CAKE CANDLES OF DIFFERENT COLOURS

• ICE CREAM STICKS OR NUTSHELLS SUCH AS WALNUTS

• WATER IN A NATURAL POOL, POND OR BOWL

Method: Use different colour candles to attract different ‘families’ of Dryad. Fix the candles into the half shells or onto the slivers of wood with hot wax. (This can be very fiddly, but be patient. Use half candles if this is easier.)

Light each candle with a blessing and float your boats on the surface of the water. Send loving thoughts to the Nature spirits and ask them to join you. You might use an invocation such as:

”Awake you spirits of the forest green

Join me now

Let yourselves be seen.”

Now sit quietly and just listen. Shortly you will sense the presence of the Dryads, often as there are strange rustlings in the trees or vegetation. You may feel them as they brush past you or play around you. Initially you will probably not be able to differentiate between them, but as time goes on you will sense subtle differences.

Half close your eyes and see if you can see them. Again don’t be too disappointed if nothing happens immediately, just accept that you will be aware of them eventually. Now, invite them to play with you:

”Come, Dryads all, come join with me

Explore Earth, Sky, Sand and Sea

Show me, guide me, take my hands

Together thus, we see new lands

New vistas, new horizons and knowledge of old

Come together, in power enfold.”

When they are comfortable with you, and you with them, thank them for coming and leave the area tidy.

You can leave the candles to burn out if it is safe to do so.

While it may seem strange to be invoking spirits of Earth or greenery, a little thought will show you that all living things are interconnected and this is simply one way of making such a connection.

Subtle Energies

The subtle energies which come together to give each person their unique makeup are very precious and can be conserved and enhanced. We as spell workers have a responsibility to make ourselves as healthy and whole as possible and in so doing can also help others to overcome problems and difficulties. We learn to appeal to a universal energy and its various parts to help the world go round a little more easily.

Matters of the Supernatural

In the eyes of those who regard matter as the sole power in nature, everything which cannot be explained by the laws of matter is marvellous or supernatural; and with such, the marvellous is only another word for superstition. With such minds religion, being founded on the existence of an immaterial principle, is but a tissue of superstitions ; few dare to assert this openly, but many say it in whispers, and think they save appearances by conceding that religion is necessary for the people, and for keeping children in order. To such we would submit the following dilemma; either the religious principle is true, or it is false ; if it be true, it is true for all men, if it be false, it can no more be useful to the ignorant than to the wise.

The spirit is the principal being

Let us, in the first place, consider the spirit in reference to its union with the body. The spirit is the principal being, because it is that which thinks, and which survives the body, the latter being only an envelope, a vestment, of gross matter, that the spirit throws off when it is worn out but, besides this material envelope, the spirit has a second envelope, which is semi-material, and which unites it to the first at death, the spirit casts off the first, but retains the second, to which we give the name perispirit. This semi-material envelope, which has the human form, constitutes, for the spirit, a vaporous, fluidic body, which, though invisible to us in its normal state, nevertheless possesses some of the properties of matter. A spirit is therefore not a mathematical point, an abstraction, but is a real being, limited and circumscribed, and lacking only the qualities of visibility and palpability to show its resemblance to human beings. Why then should it not act on matter? Is it because its body is fluidic? But is it not among the most rarified fluids, those which we call “imponderable,” as electricity, for example, that man finds his most powerful motors? Does not imponderable light exercise a chemical action on ponderable matter? We do not understand the precise nature of the perispirit but, supposing it to be formed of electrical matter, or of something else equally subtle, why should it not have the same property of action as electricity, when under the direction of a will?

Spirits

Doubt concerning the existence of spirits arises from ignorance of their real nature. People usually imagine spirits to be something apart from the rest of creation, and the reality of whose existence has not been proved. Many think of them as imaginary beings, known to them only through the fantastic tales of their childhood, and regard their authenticity much as they would that of the personages of a romance. Without stopping to inquire whether those tales, divested of absurd accessories, may not have some foundation of truth, they see only their absurdities; and not giving themselves the trouble to peel off the bitter husk in order to get at the kernel, they reject the whole, just as others, shocked at certain abuses in religion, confound the whole subject in the same reprobation. Whatever ideas we may hold in regard to spirits, the belief in their existence is necessarily founded on that of the existence of an intelligent principle distinct from matter; this belief is therefore incompatible with an absolute negation of such a principle.

Seeking Spirits

Right now, somewhere on Earth, on each and every continent,

people are actively, consciously venerating, petitioning, thanking,

channeling, communicating with, interacting with, and/or pleading

with spirits. What do they seek?

• Healing

• Protection

• Prosperity

• Happiness

• Power

• Direct contact with the sacred

People haven’t been doing this futilely for thousands of years

because there’s nothing else for them to do with their time. Spirit

veneration has survived and thrived despite thousands of years of

brutal opposition because it produces joy, success, and positive

results. In fiction, people run from vicious spirits, but in real life,

people actively seek their presence and have historically suffered

tremendous persecution in order to maintain relationships with

spirits because the rewards are immeasurable.

Thousands of years of propaganda to the contrary, encounters and

experiences with spirits are generally positive. That’s why people

keep seeking them out. Rather than wreaking havoc, spirits help,

protect, and guide us. They rescue us from all sorts of disasters,

performing miracles, and providing lifelines when conventional

solutions fail.

Requests for contact, personal encounters with spirits, and rituals

honoring them are occurring right now in modern, highly populated,

sophisticated cities as well as out in the boondocks and everywhere in between. I feel absolutely confident writing that no matter when you are reading this, people are engaged in some sort of spiritual interaction.

Yes, some of the people engaged in these activities may be poorly

educated or of low intellect, but others are academics, engineers,

physicians, and other highly educated professionals of all kinds.

Presumably, some are delusional, but most are not (and anyway,

plenty of certifiably delusional people fervently deny the existence

of spirits, too. There’s no proof in that, one way or the other.)

Why Spirits Do Not Go Away

So why won’t spirits go away? Why don’t we forget about them?

Why is our fascination with them so persistent? There has been a

popular resurgence of traditional spirituality in modern industrialized nations, yet this does not nearly account for the sheer pervasiveness of the spirits around us. If anything, spirits are more pervasive than they were fifty years ago.

New forms of media, technology, and entertainment have created

portals for these spirits that previously didn’t exist. Spirits are

legion; they surround us; they are everywhere.

Days of the week? Named for spirits. Wednesday is Woden’s Day;

Thursday is Thor’s Day. Not just in English, either: Mardi (“Tuesday”

in French) is the day dedicated to Mars; Mercredi (that’s Wednesday) invokes Mercury, also a traveling spirit of magic, just like Woden, with whom he shares the day.

Months of the year? Once again, named for spirits: January for

Janus; May for Maia. Juno, a very important spirit, gets two months: June and February, named for her title, Juno Februata, variously interpreted as Juno of the Fever of Love or Juno the Purifier. That’s why marrying in June is considered so lucky: Juno is the goddess of marriage. Marry in her month and obtain her blessing. Again, this isn’t just some English language affectation: the Hebrew month of Tammuz commemorates the goddess Ishtar’s doomed divine lover.

Spirit Sounds

Images of spirits surround us. They are everywhere. Cemeteries are filled with images of assorted psychopomps, those spirits who escort human souls to afterlife realms. Garden stores offer stone sphinxes, plaster gnomes, and a vast selection of Aphrodites on the half-shell.

Look in store windows and calculate how long until you encounter

the ubiquitous image of Maneki Neko, the Japanese beckoning cat, who reputedly attracts customers as if by magic. Mermaids grace the labels of products like wine, tuna fish, and sardines, not to mention Starbucks coffee. Recent trips to the supermarket netted me a bottle of Japanese rice vinegar with a label featuring the smiling face of Okame, goddess of mirth; a jar of Laxmi brand coriander chutney, named in honor of India’s goddess of good fortune; and a bottle of Spanish Rioja wine with a label depicting Ares, that helmeted lord of war.

Visit virtually any art museum, except those devoted solely to

abstract art, and just try to avoid the spirits. They’re pretty

omnipresent in museums devoted to history, too. Look at an

Egyptian mummy case: it’s covered with pictures of spirits. Go visit

crafts museums, quilting exhibitions, sculpture gardens: odds are,

you’ll nd some spirit lurking in the works. If the spirits aren’t on

display, their images are almost guaranteed to be in the gift store,

waiting for someone to take them home.

Spirits Folklore & Mythology

Maybe folklore can exist without spirits, albeit in truncated form,

but mythology definitely can’t. Worldwide mythology is accurately

defined as stories about and involving spirits. An entire literary

genre—fairy tales—is named for a branch of the spirit world.

Literary classics are populated by spirits (The Aeneid, The Iliad,

The Odyssey, Faust, Macbeth, or The Tempest). So are comic books: Morpheus, the Erinyes, Uma, Circe, and Lilith are but a few of the spirits who prowl through their pages, as do Brunnhilde the

Valkyrie, hammer-deity Thor, and virtually the entire Nordic

pantheon.

Poems are full of spirits: again sometimes the allusions are

intended literally, sometimes allegorically. Consider Edmund

Spenser’s The Faerie Queene or Christina Rossetti’s The Goblin Market or various poems by William Butler Yeats. I’m pulling these out of the air, somewhat randomly, in no particular order: thousands of others, maybe millions, could just as easily substitute.

If you have a taste for classical culture, then you may know that

the very first official ballet was inspired by the witch-goddess Circe. It was but the first of many. Other dancing spirits include La

Sylphide’s winged Scottish Fairies, Swan Lake’s secret swan

goddesses, and Giselle’s willies, an alternative name for vila,

seductive, sometimes deadly, forest Fairies. (Vila guest star in the

Harry Potter novels, too.)

Spirits permeate opera: for starters, Undina, Maria Padilla, Ariadne

auf Naxos, and Richard Wagner’s entire Ring Cycle. (Speaking of

rings, spirits are intrinsic to the plots of J. R. R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings and the Ring series of novels, movies, and manga.)

Spirit Beings

Fairies, demons, Djinn, devas, dybbuks, dakinis, Nymphs,

mermaids, ghosts, nagas, orishas, lwa, mystères, Elves, dragons:

that’s just a few of the many kinds of spirit beings. Considering how many people vociferously refute their very existence, the extent to which spirits permeate modern human culture is astounding.

You don’t have to believe in spirits to be surrounded by them. In

fact, it’s pretty hard to avoid them. Let me repeat: spirits permeate human culture. References are so all-pervasive that it can be easy to overlook their original meanings.

Abtagigi

She Who Sends Messages of Desire

Also known as: Kalili; Kilili

Abtagigi is the Sumerian spirit of sacred sexuality. She awakens and stimulates erotic impulses. Babylonians and Assyrians used the Semitic form of her name, Kalili, in the same manner, that they

called Inanna, Ishtar. Abtagigi-Kalili is among the spirits in InannaIshtar’s entourage. Ancient Sumerian rulers maintained their power by annually enacting the Great Rite, consummating (literally) their relationship with Inanna-Ishtar, who was temporarily in possession of her high priestess’ body.

The resemblance of the name Kalili to Lilith cannot be ignored.

Sister spirits, both are concerned with the power inherent in sexual

desire as well as esoteric aspects of sexuality and sexual energy, but Abtagigi-Kalili works within the temple while Lilith, a spirit of wild nature, remains outside.

Abtagigi possesses the secrets of the Great Rite and may be

petitioned by those who seek them. She protects sex workers. She

may also be petitioned to awaken or reawaken sexual desires,

especially for those for whom sex has been profaned by abusive,

humiliating, or traumatic experiences. She is a powerful spirit and

may be requested to punish those who profane the sexual act.

Altar: Place Abtagigi’s altar in the boudoir or in a shrine dedicated

to love.

Offerings: Aphrodisiacs; incense and fragrance that inspires desire.

Abtagigi is sometimes described as an evil spirit of harlotry, but that perspective derives from those who associate sex with sin.

Abnoba

Origin: Celtic

Abnoba is the Goddess of the Black Forest, now in modern Germany, a region with many therapeutic springs including the famed Baden-Baden. The etymology of her Celtic name is related to “wetness” or “river.” It is very closely related to Avon, a popular name for rivers; some conjecture that at least some of those rivers are named in her honor.

Very little information about Abnoba survives. The Romans

identified her with Diana. A Roman altar was dedicated to Diana Abnoba at the warm mineral springs of Badenweiler at the Black Forest’s edge. As her altar was located at a therapeutic bath, it is probably safe to assume that she was similar in nature to Celtic female deities associated with healing springs, like Sequana or Sulis, but possessing stronger associations with wild nature, hence the association with Diana. Like Diana, Abnoba may have associations with fertility and women’s rites.

Roman historian Tacitus (circa 56–circa 117 CE) writes that

Abnoba also names a mountain from which the source of the

Danube River flows. Two streams within the Black Forest do form

the Danube’s source, but the location and modern identity of this

mountain have not been identified. It is possible that Abnoba is also the spirit of that mountain, one or both of those streams, the

Danube itself, or any or all of the above.

Petition: Petition Abnoba to help preserve wild nature, forest

plants, and animals.

Favored people: Those possessing strong associations with the

Black Forest or perhaps even woods, in general, form her

constituency.

Altar: Decorate it to evoke a deep forest. Include pine and r cones

(the most prevalent trees in the Black Forest) and images of forest

animals.

Offerings: Efforts on behalf of what was once her domain; Black

Forest Cake; Black Forest ham; spring water; pilgrimage to one of

the springs near the Black Forest.

Abeona

Origin: Italian, pre-Roman

Abeona is the spirit of literal and metaphoric departures. She

protects children in general, but especially the first time they leave

home. Abeona may be petitioned to provide for a child’s safety. Her

name derives from a root verb indicating “to depart” or “go forth,”

but which also references death, and so she may also be petitioned to provide protection beyond the realm of the living. She has dominion over all kinds of departures: marriage, the military,

educational opportunities, and death. She may be petitioned to

safeguard children in comas, whose souls may be understood as

having temporarily departed, as well as in any situation in which a

child has become distant or is no longer truly with you. Abeona

works in conjunction with a sister spirit, Adeona, goddess of safe

returns. Together, they teach babies to walk. Abeona also guards

travelers.

Petitions: She is traditionally invoked by parents on behalf of their

children and by travelers on behalf of themselves. Ideally, present

the petition and make the offering before the journey begins so that she oversees the very first steps. Petition her in conjunction with Adeona if children do not begin walking at the expected age.

Altar: Create sacred space for her that incorporates gate and road

imagery.

Offerings: Traveler’s talismans.

Abchanchu

Classification: Vampire

The Abchanchu roams Bolivian roads in the guise of a doddering,

frail old man. He appears confused and disoriented, like someone’s helpless old grandpa, and so inevitably Good Samaritan volunteers to help him. That’s the Abchanchu’s ploy. As soon as opportunity allows, out pop the fangs; his fragility is revealed to be an illusion as the Abchanchu attacks. Under the influence of Dracula-inspired movies, travelers are advised to dab garlic oil on amulets to keep the Abchanchu away. The true essential oil of garlic smells so strong that it will likely keep anything away: the power of amulets, sacred texts, and dried garlic owers carried in a charm bag may be sufficient and definitely more pleasant.

Abata

Abata

Also known as: Abatan

Classification: Orisha

Abata is the Swamp Queen, the orisha of swamps and marshes. She has the power to control accumulation of wealth (or the lack thereof).

Yoruba tradition identifies her as the female compatriot of orisha

Erinle or his wife. Erinle has dominion over thresholds where fresh and saltwater merge, as happens in mangrove swamps. Swamps are associated with secrets and hidden treasure and so it is unsurprising that Abata is less well-known than her partner.

• Erinle and Abata may be venerated together on an altar.

• Offerings and petitions may also be brought to Abata’s home in the swamp.

Iconography: Abata may be represented by the image of a snake.

Colors: Light blue, coral, gold, green, pink, and yellow

Animal: Snake (Abata may manifest in human or snake form.)

Some Cuban traditions perceive Abata as male and as Erinle’s brother or even as a path of Erinle, not as an independent, distinct orisha.